-Describing What Ulysses Looked and Acted Like 08/31/2009
Ulysses, which is a Latin name for Odysseus, was a legendary king of Ithaca and a hero that appeared in several novels and poems. He was a tall man during the time he was alive and was pretty skinny. He had long blonde wavy hair, and his skin was a tanned color which means it was generally dark. So his appearance was quite handsome, and his brain and his strong muscles are representative for a hero that appears in the Greek mythology.
He was a patient man, who hesitated before acting, which later even helped his men getting saved. For instance, he disguised himself as a beggar when he finally reached Ithaca, waiting for the moment to reveal himself. Coupled with the mentioning of his muscles in first paragraph, he was a top athlete- very brave, and also powerful. This is why many scholars refer him as a powerful hero that appeared in the Greek mythology.
However, there were some weaknesses- since noone can be perfect. He enjoyed being with women a lot, because if you look at his adventures, he stayed and lived with many women. Another weakness was that he possessed too much pride, which delayed the amount of time that he wandered around.
Sum up, Ulysses somehow lacked in several areas which proves that he was not a perfect leader, but he was generally a strong, smart, and courageous man in Greek mythology.
-Summarizing Ulysses Chapter 4 09/03/2009
This is the summarizing paragraph for Chapter 4- 'The Cyclops' Cave'.
Ulysses and his crew, who now all left the dangerous Lotusland, finds out that they are running out of food. The men begins to grumble and he slowly starts to face mutiny. Finally they lands on a small island and leads his men to the island in a search of foods. But this island was actually a brutal island with the Cyclops, who were banned from Olympus and fights with each other for the wild goats to suit their enormous bellies. So anyway, the men goes inside the cave and they suddenly notice the largest Cyclopes- Polyphemus. Polyphemus immediately eats some two men of Ulysses, and hungrily says that he's going to eat all of the men. All of the men except Ulysses who is attempting hard to think how to get out, are horrified. But Ulysses comes up with an idea of feeding the giant with wine to make him drunk and stabbing him in the eye so he will not be able to see his men. And when Polyphemus satisfies with the taste of wine, he asks his name for the thankfulness and Ulysses says that his name is 'Nobody'. And finally, the big Cyclops gets drunken and Ulysses and his men makes Polyphemus blind, and they quickly hangs under the bellies of the rams and escape all the way to their ships successfully. But however, despite the courage of stabbing the giant Cyclops in the eyes, he gets cursed by Polyphemus, because he revealed his true name, 'Ulysses' and makes a taunt with the pride. Polyphemus with rage hurls a big boulder to the fleet and some men dies. And unfortunately, the God of the Sea, Poseidon hears this Cyclops praying, and decides to ruin the journey of Ulysses.
-Literary Analysis for Chapter 11 and 12, Dec. 2nd, 2009
11.
Characters: Crispin, John Aycliffe, Men from the steward, Father Quinell
Conflict: Crispin trying to run away from the men from the steward
-internal: the death of Father Quinell, (not knowing what to do)
-external: men chasing him (hesitating where to go)
foreshadowing- "that done, I ran away"
mood- thrilling, sad, nervous
protagonist- Crispin
antagonist- the men and the steward
setting: Medieval times, mill, near the river (in the water), past the cottages and fields, roads
symbol: death of Father Quinell (a series of more gruesome events will occur, no more safe)
theme: you have to know how to withstand struggles by yourself (be independent)
12.
Characters: Crispin
Conflict: Aycliffe and his men keep chasing him
-internal: the fear that he will go to Hell when he dies alone
-external: Aycliffe and his men chasing Crispin, losing the food that Peregrine gave, hearing random noises
foreshadowing- "something lurking near"
mood- irritating, hopeful, curious
protagonist- Crispin
antagonist- not really
setting- Medieval Times, along the muddy path, open areas, forest
symbol- the cross of lead (Father Quinell died, and the men are chasing him- but hope)
theme- you can only rely on yourself when every other choice is gone
-Answering a Question (Crispin encounters two dead men shortly after fleeing the village. How does each affect him?)
-First of all, he encounters Father Quinell, the death of Father Quinell makes him sad and somehow irritating, because now nobody can provide him with the information about his parents. -Literary Analysis (Applying to Crispin Chapter 10) Nov, 30th, 2009
Characters: Crispin, Cerdic, Four strange men, Father Quinell (Mentioned few times)
Conflict: Crispin and Cerdic facing four men equipped with weapons
-internal: not able to meet Father Quinell at the church
-external: facing the men with weapons
foreshadowing: "I had been led into a trap"
mood- nervous, curious about next events, tense
protagonist: Crispin
antagonist: Four men equipped with weapons, Cerdic
Setting: Medieval times, outside going to west (church, manor, the mill)
symbol: cross on the church (freedom), weapons (something bad will occur to Crispin)
theme: Don't trust someone thoroughly, always be careful
-Literary Analysis Nov. 29th, 2009
1. character- the representation of a person in a story
2. conflict- a struggle between opposing force
-internal- a mental or emotional struggle that occurs within a character
-external- a struggle that occurs between a character and outside forces
3. foreshadowing- a literary technique to provide clues for readers to predict what might occur later on the story
4. mood- the feelings that readers feel when reading a story
5. protagonist- the main character of a story
6. antagonist- opposing force of protagonists
7. setting- time and location of the story
8. symbol- things used to represent something else in a story
9. theme- the central message suggested by a story
-Crispin Chapter 8 Response Nov. 26th, 2009
First of all, Father Quinel reveals to Asta's son that the Lord Furnival is kept well from God, returned from the wars and is expected to die.
Secondly, Father Quinel reveals that he was named 'Crispin' during the baptizement by his mother.
Furthermore, he reveals that Crispin's mother could write on her cross.
He promises to reveal about Crispin's father later. -Journal Entry #5 If I am lost or not capable to go back to my home like Ulysses, I would be very determined and be desperate to return to my home.
Home is a cozy and familiar place where your family members are gathered, doing particular actions everyday. Even though those activities or actions are common things that has become part of our daily lives, you feel emotionally somehow empty if you don’t do them.
Also, home is like your base or center. Your go out to places like school everyday morning from your home, and you return back to your home in the afternoon. Your home and you cannot be bisected.
What would it be like to live on Cannibal Beach? What problems would it create to have a quicker cycle of day and night? How do you think this kept Ulysses from discovering what the trees were?
I think it would be very strange and hard to live on Cannibal Beach, since you won't be able to see the things around you continuously. The quick cycle of day and night affected Ulysses and his men by not allowing them to discover things and search around them. The presence of fruits or food on the island might disappear. Adopting to this island would be hard because it would be hard to sleep. Because since it was night and they couldn't see things clearly, Ulysses thought the object was a tall tree. But it turned out to be a giant's leg. The darkness played a huge role in their trip.
-Answering a Question 09/07/2009
Why did Ulysses' men betray him and open the bag of winds from Aeolus? What happened to those men?
Ulysses received a bag with all sorts of dangerous winds from Aeolus, so he could arrive to his home in a safe and quick way. But Ulysses' two soldiers decided to open the bag and resulted a devastating result. The men, who were wondering about what's inside the bag, couldn't access to the bag because of Ulysses guarding it, but had a chance to open it when he was asleep. Also, the clicking noise that Poseidon made reassured and inspired them that there were some valuable things inside the bag, like gold coins. And they thought that Ulysses had to share the things he received if they were treasures. So they opened a bag, but they were immediately lifted off, blown like a leaf and fell on brutal winds.
Writing strategies and resources
Personal spelling and vocabulary
-Ulysses Vocabulary
Chapter 1
vessels- a craft bigger than a rowboat for navigation of water.
stays- strong rope or wire to steady something
booty- money or goods taken in war
prow- the bow of a ship
quartering winds- coming from a direction behind and to the side
baubles- an object of little value
shaft- the long handle of a weapon
headwind- a wind blowing a direction opposite to a course
hull- the outer covering of a fruit or seed
scudded- to move or run swiftly
Chapter 2
bouquets- a bunch of flowers
hospitable- generous and friendly in entertaining guests
brow- the ridge on which the eyebrow grows
lolled- to hang or let hang loosely
Chapter 3
mutiny- obsolete, forcible or passive resistance to lawful authority
exiling- to banish or expel from one’s own country or home
bailing hooks- a device that is curved
moor- an expanse of open rolling infertile land
smithcraft- the art or occupation of smith; smithing
agile- marked by ready ability with quick easy grace
bowels- one of the divisions of the intestines
vigil- a watch formerly kept on the night before a religious feast with prayer
phlegmy- the one of the four humors in early physiology that was considered to be cold and moist
forging- the art or process of forging
disembark- to go ashore out of a ship
gullet- throat; an invagination of the protoplasm in various protozoans
Chapter 4
shrouds- pieces of standing rigging which holds the mast up from side to side
reveling- taking intense satisfaction or pleasure
mischievous- tending to cause annoyance, trouble, or minor injury
sullen- resentfully silent or repressed
outwitted- to get the better of by superior cleverness
coursed- to follow close upon
-Crispin Vocabulary- Crispin Vocabulary From Chapter 9~
Chapter 1
midst- the middle of something (situation)
-In the midst of the battle, he was shot by an arrow, and he immediately felt an excruciating pain in his body.
shroud- a cloth to wrap a body for burial
-The police wrapped the dead victim with a white shroud, and continued their work.
taunted- reproached
-The boy felt pathetical and lonely after being taunted by his peers at school.
pauper- extremely poor person
-A pauper was pleading and begging for money when the tourists passed by.
steward- a person who manages household affairs
-A steward deftly and swiftly filled out the forms.
deign- disregard someone in lower level than you
-Wealthy people usually tends to deign poor people no attention.
transgression- violation of law or duty
-A big transgression such as killing another human being makes you get a life imprisonment.
poaching- killing (fishing or hunting)
-People are increasingly poaching sharks in order to gain their fins to make shark fin soup.
forfeit- lose or forced to surrender
-The army was forfeit by an overwhelming number of opposite army. Chapter 2
ceased- ended
-The fierce debate was finally ceased, and people were full with merriment.
welt- a bump on the skin
-A runner was preparing restlessly for the Olympic with incessant running, and therefore a welt was made on his forehead.
minions- followers
-Muhammad and his minions assaulted Mecca because of their refusal to Islam.
parchment- a document or paper made of sheep or goat
-A parchment is a paper usually made of sheep or goat.
kin- relative or family
-When your kin buys a land, you feel jealous.
transfixed- amazed or dazed by something
-People were transfixed by the virtual scenario that will happen to Earth as a result of global warming.
avail- use (to no avail)
-All the lights were to no avail when the whole city had an electricity failure. Chapter 3
recurrence- something that happens again
-The recurrence of certain actions can sometimes be habits.
mortality- able to live and able to die
-All living creatures on Earth share mortality, meaning they could live but could die in someday.
impoverished- poor
-The impoverished villagers were struggling with the flood that ruined their farms.
jests- pranks, funny jokes
-A child was always the target of jests and pranks.
shunned- ignored, isolated
-The presence of shunned, primitive tribes in the world is not surprising.
plight- a bad situation
-A plight is usually a bad, struggling situation.
serf- a laborer attached to a landowner (often lord)
-A serf during the Medieval Times couldn’t gain sufficient money to buy enough foods.
mercenary- hired foreign soldier
-The Roman Empire hired mercenaries in order to expand its empire. Chapter 4
untoward- not appreciating
-The siblings were punished for showing untoward behaviors toward each other.
thatch- a roof made from straw
-His little house with a thatch was very unsanitary.
bailiff- an officer with some power
-A bailiff is an appointed officer with some authority.
reeve- an appointed official by serfs
-Reeve is an official appointed by serfs to supervise lands for lords.
mean- poor or dirty
-As he walked on the mean street, he smelled the stench of many wastes.
pinnacle- a peak
-After struggling restlessly with the harsh weather, the tourists group finally reached the pinnacle of the mountain.
meander- follow, bend
-An enormous, wide river used to meander in this area a long ago.
impenetrable- impossible to enter
-Viruses are never impenetrable to human bodies, but our cells can fight against them and prevent an illness.
fallow- land that is not planted
-There were many cottages on the fallow.
infidels- not religious people
-The infidels were considered as barbarians during the periods when people were very religious.
Chapter 5/6
canonical- regular, standard, relevant to churches
-The canonical bells announced it was midday.
strident- loud, harsh noise to listen
-The strident noise in the city areas disrupts many people sleeping.
clamor- loud, annoying shouting
-The workers clamored for higher wages and improvement of the working condition.
apprehension- ability to understand
-Ignorant people usually have shallow apprehension of matters.
implore- beg for, dislike
-The believers implored to the God to help them accomplish their goals.
hue- complexion
-People in the midst of warfare raised a hue and cry.
cry- loud voice of emotion
-When people raise a hue and cry about something, it means they protest fiercely about it.
Chapter 7
skittish- very active
-Teenagers are usually skittish when they are with peers, because they desire peer acceptance.
petitions- requests
-The citizens put petitions relevant to environment issues to the mayor.
moot- an argument
-The assailants involved in a moot attacked innocent pedestrians.
treason- betraying an alliance
-The country faced devastating consequences after making a treason against its allying countries.
plight- a bad situation
-The teachers worsened my plight.
curfew- a regulation making people to be at home at certain time
-South Korea once had a period where curfew prohibited the nations to go outside after 12 p.m.
Chapter 8
alb- a long white robe
-The priests wore a charming alb, indicating their faith to the God.
tonsured- shaved
-The woman insulted another person for having tonsured hair, and wearing filthy clothes.
sanctuary- a holy place
-Churches are considered as sanctuary places.
tallow- animal fat
-The tallow meats seemed very tasty, but maybe had high calories.
genuflect- bend the knee for worshipping
-The believers genuflected toward the picture of Jesus being crucified.
distraught- deeply distracted
-After her mother’s death, she was deeply distraught.
sullen- dark in tones
-People who talk sullenly may have depressions.
scrutinize- to examine carefully
-The police officers scrutinized the dead victim and noticed he was suffocated.
siege- surrounded by an army
-The city was under a siege, and the citizens were agonized by deep fear.
Vocabulary 9/10 (might be pop-quiz! making own sentence and definition!)
garment- a piece of clothing
-A lady went inside a boutique and filled her shopping bag with countless fashionable garments.
hang- attach to somewhere so it doesn’t touch the ground
-The charming flowers hang over the entrance to a restaurant that serves luscious foods.
crone- an ugly old woman
-That crone in the village was isolated because she wore filthy clothes and people could smell her stench.
foreboding- a strong feeling that something bad will happen
-He entered a room full of foreboding, because he noticed knives.
skirting- going around the edge of something
-The merchant convicted of malfeasance was skirting the village and fled to other city.
Grammar and usage
Idioms
Ace up your sleeve- having something that can advantage you
Achilles' heel- a fatal weakness in spite of overall strength
Add fuel to the fire- bad events happening in a bad day, after another bad events
Afraid of your own shadow- being extremely nervous
Air your dirty laundry in public- reveal aspects of your private life that should remain secretly
Albatross around your neck- problem resulting from something that you did that stops being from successful
All ears- taking a heedful attention to someone
All that glitters is not gold- not everything is what it seems
All thumbs- too clumsy or excited to do something properly that requires manual dexterity
Ants in your pants- excited about something and can't keep still
Apple of your eye- something or someone that is very special to you
As the crow flies- describing the shortest possible distance between two places
Asleep at the switch- not doing the job or taking responsibilities very carefully
At the drop of a hat- doing immediately
At the end of your rope- done with a patience
Ax to grind- have resentment and wanting to revenge or sort it out
Welcome to Jae Hyun's Specialized Place to view all my works!
Reading strategies and resources
-Describing What Ulysses Looked and Acted Like 08/31/2009
Ulysses, which is a Latin name for Odysseus, was a legendary king of Ithaca and a hero that appeared in several novels and poems. He was a tall man during the time he was alive and was pretty skinny. He had long blonde wavy hair, and his skin was a tanned color which means it was generally dark. So his appearance was quite handsome, and his brain and his strong muscles are representative for a hero that appears in the Greek mythology.
He was a patient man, who hesitated before acting, which later even helped his men getting saved. For instance, he disguised himself as a beggar when he finally reached Ithaca, waiting for the moment to reveal himself. Coupled with the mentioning of his muscles in first paragraph, he was a top athlete- very brave, and also powerful. This is why many scholars refer him as a powerful hero that appeared in the Greek mythology.
However, there were some weaknesses- since noone can be perfect. He enjoyed being with women a lot, because if you look at his adventures, he stayed and lived with many women. Another weakness was that he possessed too much pride, which delayed the amount of time that he wandered around.
Sum up, Ulysses somehow lacked in several areas which proves that he was not a perfect leader, but he was generally a strong, smart, and courageous man in Greek mythology.
-Summarizing Ulysses Chapter 4 09/03/2009
This is the summarizing paragraph for Chapter 4- 'The Cyclops' Cave'.
Ulysses and his crew, who now all left the dangerous Lotusland, finds out that they are running out of food. The men begins to grumble and he slowly starts to face mutiny. Finally they lands on a small island and leads his men to the island in a search of foods. But this island was actually a brutal island with the Cyclops, who were banned from Olympus and fights with each other for the wild goats to suit their enormous bellies. So anyway, the men goes inside the cave and they suddenly notice the largest Cyclopes- Polyphemus. Polyphemus immediately eats some two men of Ulysses, and hungrily says that he's going to eat all of the men. All of the men except Ulysses who is attempting hard to think how to get out, are horrified. But Ulysses comes up with an idea of feeding the giant with wine to make him drunk and stabbing him in the eye so he will not be able to see his men. And when Polyphemus satisfies with the taste of wine, he asks his name for the thankfulness and Ulysses says that his name is 'Nobody'. And finally, the big Cyclops gets drunken and Ulysses and his men makes Polyphemus blind, and they quickly hangs under the bellies of the rams and escape all the way to their ships successfully. But however, despite the courage of stabbing the giant Cyclops in the eyes, he gets cursed by Polyphemus, because he revealed his true name, 'Ulysses' and makes a taunt with the pride. Polyphemus with rage hurls a big boulder to the fleet and some men dies. And unfortunately, the God of the Sea, Poseidon hears this Cyclops praying, and decides to ruin the journey of Ulysses.
Responding to literature
Activities Relevant To Purple Literature Book
----Literary Elements For Crispin Chapters
-Literary Analysis for Chapter 11 and 12, Dec. 2nd, 2009
11.Characters: Crispin, John Aycliffe, Men from the steward, Father Quinell
Conflict: Crispin trying to run away from the men from the steward
-internal: the death of Father Quinell, (not knowing what to do)
-external: men chasing him (hesitating where to go)
foreshadowing- "that done, I ran away"
mood- thrilling, sad, nervous
protagonist- Crispin
antagonist- the men and the steward
setting: Medieval times, mill, near the river (in the water), past the cottages and fields, roads
symbol: death of Father Quinell (a series of more gruesome events will occur, no more safe)
theme: you have to know how to withstand struggles by yourself (be independent)
12.
Characters: Crispin
Conflict: Aycliffe and his men keep chasing him
-internal: the fear that he will go to Hell when he dies alone
-external: Aycliffe and his men chasing Crispin, losing the food that Peregrine gave, hearing random noises
foreshadowing- "something lurking near"
mood- irritating, hopeful, curious
protagonist- Crispin
antagonist- not really
setting- Medieval Times, along the muddy path, open areas, forest
symbol- the cross of lead (Father Quinell died, and the men are chasing him- but hope)
theme- you can only rely on yourself when every other choice is gone
-Answering a Question (Crispin encounters two dead men shortly after fleeing the village. How does each affect him?)
-First of all, he encounters Father Quinell, the death of Father Quinell makes him sad and somehow irritating, because now nobody can provide him with the information about his parents.-Literary Analysis (Applying to Crispin Chapter 10) Nov, 30th, 2009
Characters: Crispin, Cerdic, Four strange men, Father Quinell (Mentioned few times)
Conflict: Crispin and Cerdic facing four men equipped with weapons
-internal: not able to meet Father Quinell at the church
-external: facing the men with weapons
foreshadowing: "I had been led into a trap"
mood- nervous, curious about next events, tense
protagonist: Crispin
antagonist: Four men equipped with weapons, Cerdic
Setting: Medieval times, outside going to west (church, manor, the mill)
symbol: cross on the church (freedom), weapons (something bad will occur to Crispin)
theme: Don't trust someone thoroughly, always be careful
-Literary Analysis Nov. 29th, 2009
1. character- the representation of a person in a story2. conflict- a struggle between opposing force
-internal- a mental or emotional struggle that occurs within a character
-external- a struggle that occurs between a character and outside forces
3. foreshadowing- a literary technique to provide clues for readers to predict what might occur later on the story
4. mood- the feelings that readers feel when reading a story
5. protagonist- the main character of a story
6. antagonist- opposing force of protagonists
7. setting- time and location of the story
8. symbol- things used to represent something else in a story
9. theme- the central message suggested by a story
-Crispin Chapter 8 Response Nov. 26th, 2009
First of all, Father Quinel reveals to Asta's son that the Lord Furnival is kept well from God, returned from the wars and is expected to die.Secondly, Father Quinel reveals that he was named 'Crispin' during the baptizement by his mother.
Furthermore, he reveals that Crispin's mother could write on her cross.
He promises to reveal about Crispin's father later.
-Journal Entry #5
If I am lost or not capable to go back to my home like Ulysses, I would be very determined and be desperate to return to my home.
Home is a cozy and familiar place where your family members are gathered, doing particular actions everyday. Even though those activities or actions are common things that has become part of our daily lives, you feel emotionally somehow empty if you don’t do them.
Also, home is like your base or center. Your go out to places like school everyday morning from your home, and you return back to your home in the afternoon. Your home and you cannot be bisected.
-Journal Entry #4- Question+My Experience (Dangerous Fever)
-Answering a Question 09/15/2009
What would it be like to live on Cannibal Beach? What problems would it create to have a quicker cycle of day and night? How do you think this kept Ulysses from discovering what the trees were?
I think it would be very strange and hard to live on Cannibal Beach, since you won't be able to see the things around you continuously. The quick cycle of day and night affected Ulysses and his men by not allowing them to discover things and search around them. The presence of fruits or food on the island might disappear. Adopting to this island would be hard because it would be hard to sleep. Because since it was night and they couldn't see things clearly, Ulysses thought the object was a tall tree. But it turned out to be a giant's leg. The darkness played a huge role in their trip.
-Answering a Question 09/07/2009
Why did Ulysses' men betray him and open the bag of winds from Aeolus? What happened to those men?
Ulysses received a bag with all sorts of dangerous winds from Aeolus, so he could arrive to his home in a safe and quick way. But Ulysses' two soldiers decided to open the bag and resulted a devastating result. The men, who were wondering about what's inside the bag, couldn't access to the bag because of Ulysses guarding it, but had a chance to open it when he was asleep. Also, the clicking noise that Poseidon made reassured and inspired them that there were some valuable things inside the bag, like gold coins. And they thought that Ulysses had to share the things he received if they were treasures. So they opened a bag, but they were immediately lifted off, blown like a leaf and fell on brutal winds.
Writing strategies and resources
Personal spelling and vocabulary
-Ulysses Vocabulary
Chapter 1
vessels- a craft bigger than a rowboat for navigation of water.
stays- strong rope or wire to steady something
booty- money or goods taken in war
prow- the bow of a ship
quartering winds- coming from a direction behind and to the side
baubles- an object of little value
shaft- the long handle of a weapon
headwind- a wind blowing a direction opposite to a course
hull- the outer covering of a fruit or seed
scudded- to move or run swiftly
Chapter 2
bouquets- a bunch of flowers
hospitable- generous and friendly in entertaining guests
brow- the ridge on which the eyebrow grows
lolled- to hang or let hang loosely
Chapter 3
mutiny- obsolete, forcible or passive resistance to lawful authority
exiling- to banish or expel from one’s own country or home
bailing hooks- a device that is curved
moor- an expanse of open rolling infertile land
smithcraft- the art or occupation of smith; smithing
agile- marked by ready ability with quick easy grace
bowels- one of the divisions of the intestines
vigil- a watch formerly kept on the night before a religious feast with prayer
phlegmy- the one of the four humors in early physiology that was considered to be cold and moist
forging- the art or process of forging
disembark- to go ashore out of a ship
gullet- throat; an invagination of the protoplasm in various protozoans
Chapter 4
shrouds- pieces of standing rigging which holds the mast up from side to side
reveling- taking intense satisfaction or pleasure
mischievous- tending to cause annoyance, trouble, or minor injury
sullen- resentfully silent or repressed
outwitted- to get the better of by superior cleverness
coursed- to follow close upon
-Crispin Vocabulary-
Crispin Vocabulary From Chapter 9~
Chapter 1
midst- the middle of something (situation)
-In the midst of the battle, he was shot by an arrow, and he immediately felt an excruciating pain in his body.
shroud- a cloth to wrap a body for burial
-The police wrapped the dead victim with a white shroud, and continued their work.
taunted- reproached
-The boy felt pathetical and lonely after being taunted by his peers at school.
pauper- extremely poor person
-A pauper was pleading and begging for money when the tourists passed by.
steward- a person who manages household affairs
-A steward deftly and swiftly filled out the forms.
deign- disregard someone in lower level than you
-Wealthy people usually tends to deign poor people no attention.
transgression- violation of law or duty
-A big transgression such as killing another human being makes you get a life imprisonment.
poaching- killing (fishing or hunting)
-People are increasingly poaching sharks in order to gain their fins to make shark fin soup.
forfeit- lose or forced to surrender
-The army was forfeit by an overwhelming number of opposite army.
Chapter 2
ceased- ended
-The fierce debate was finally ceased, and people were full with merriment.
welt- a bump on the skin
-A runner was preparing restlessly for the Olympic with incessant running, and therefore a welt was made on his forehead.
minions- followers
-Muhammad and his minions assaulted Mecca because of their refusal to Islam.
parchment- a document or paper made of sheep or goat
-A parchment is a paper usually made of sheep or goat.
kin- relative or family
-When your kin buys a land, you feel jealous.
transfixed- amazed or dazed by something
-People were transfixed by the virtual scenario that will happen to Earth as a result of global warming.
avail- use (to no avail)
-All the lights were to no avail when the whole city had an electricity failure.
Chapter 3
recurrence- something that happens again
-The recurrence of certain actions can sometimes be habits.
mortality- able to live and able to die
-All living creatures on Earth share mortality, meaning they could live but could die in someday.
impoverished- poor
-The impoverished villagers were struggling with the flood that ruined their farms.
jests- pranks, funny jokes
-A child was always the target of jests and pranks.
shunned- ignored, isolated
-The presence of shunned, primitive tribes in the world is not surprising.
plight- a bad situation
-A plight is usually a bad, struggling situation.
serf- a laborer attached to a landowner (often lord)
-A serf during the Medieval Times couldn’t gain sufficient money to buy enough foods.
mercenary- hired foreign soldier
-The Roman Empire hired mercenaries in order to expand its empire.
Chapter 4
untoward- not appreciating
-The siblings were punished for showing untoward behaviors toward each other.
thatch- a roof made from straw
-His little house with a thatch was very unsanitary.
bailiff- an officer with some power
-A bailiff is an appointed officer with some authority.
reeve- an appointed official by serfs
-Reeve is an official appointed by serfs to supervise lands for lords.
mean- poor or dirty
-As he walked on the mean street, he smelled the stench of many wastes.
pinnacle- a peak
-After struggling restlessly with the harsh weather, the tourists group finally reached the pinnacle of the mountain.
meander- follow, bend
-An enormous, wide river used to meander in this area a long ago.
impenetrable- impossible to enter
-Viruses are never impenetrable to human bodies, but our cells can fight against them and prevent an illness.
fallow- land that is not planted
-There were many cottages on the fallow.
infidels- not religious people
-The infidels were considered as barbarians during the periods when people were very religious.
Chapter 5/6
canonical- regular, standard, relevant to churches
-The canonical bells announced it was midday.
strident- loud, harsh noise to listen
-The strident noise in the city areas disrupts many people sleeping.
clamor- loud, annoying shouting
-The workers clamored for higher wages and improvement of the working condition.
apprehension- ability to understand
-Ignorant people usually have shallow apprehension of matters.
implore- beg for, dislike
-The believers implored to the God to help them accomplish their goals.
hue- complexion
-People in the midst of warfare raised a hue and cry.
cry- loud voice of emotion
-When people raise a hue and cry about something, it means they protest fiercely about it.
Chapter 7
skittish- very active
-Teenagers are usually skittish when they are with peers, because they desire peer acceptance.
petitions- requests
-The citizens put petitions relevant to environment issues to the mayor.
moot- an argument
-The assailants involved in a moot attacked innocent pedestrians.
treason- betraying an alliance
-The country faced devastating consequences after making a treason against its allying countries.
plight- a bad situation
-The teachers worsened my plight.
curfew- a regulation making people to be at home at certain time
-South Korea once had a period where curfew prohibited the nations to go outside after 12 p.m.
Chapter 8
alb- a long white robe
-The priests wore a charming alb, indicating their faith to the God.
tonsured- shaved
-The woman insulted another person for having tonsured hair, and wearing filthy clothes.
sanctuary- a holy place
-Churches are considered as sanctuary places.
tallow- animal fat
-The tallow meats seemed very tasty, but maybe had high calories.
genuflect- bend the knee for worshipping
-The believers genuflected toward the picture of Jesus being crucified.
distraught- deeply distracted
-After her mother’s death, she was deeply distraught.
sullen- dark in tones
-People who talk sullenly may have depressions.
scrutinize- to examine carefully
-The police officers scrutinized the dead victim and noticed he was suffocated.
siege- surrounded by an army
-The city was under a siege, and the citizens were agonized by deep fear.
Vocabulary 9/10 (might be pop-quiz! making own sentence and definition!)garment- a piece of clothing
-A lady went inside a boutique and filled her shopping bag with countless fashionable garments.
hang- attach to somewhere so it doesn’t touch the ground
-The charming flowers hang over the entrance to a restaurant that serves luscious foods.
crone- an ugly old woman
-That crone in the village was isolated because she wore filthy clothes and people could smell her stench.
foreboding- a strong feeling that something bad will happen
-He entered a room full of foreboding, because he noticed knives.
skirting- going around the edge of something
-The merchant convicted of malfeasance was skirting the village and fled to other city.
Grammar and usage
Idioms
Ace up your sleeve- having something that can advantage you
Achilles' heel- a fatal weakness in spite of overall strength
Add fuel to the fire- bad events happening in a bad day, after another bad events
Afraid of your own shadow- being extremely nervous
Air your dirty laundry in public- reveal aspects of your private life that should remain secretly
Albatross around your neck- problem resulting from something that you did that stops being from successful
All ears- taking a heedful attention to someone
All that glitters is not gold- not everything is what it seems
All thumbs- too clumsy or excited to do something properly that requires manual dexterity
Ants in your pants- excited about something and can't keep still
Apple of your eye- something or someone that is very special to you
As the crow flies- describing the shortest possible distance between two places
Asleep at the switch- not doing the job or taking responsibilities very carefully
At the drop of a hat- doing immediately
At the end of your rope- done with a patience
Ax to grind- have resentment and wanting to revenge or sort it out
Works in progress
Published pieces
-Keynote Presentation- Trojan War